Measurement Tools

Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS)

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Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822-48. 

Carlson, L. E., & Brown, K. W. (2005). Validation of the mindful attention awareness scale in a cancer population. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 58(1), 29. 

MacKillop, J., & Anderson, E. J. (2007). Further psychometric validation of the mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 29(4), 289-293. 

Hansen, E., Lundh, L. G., Homman, A., et al. (2009). Measuring mindfulness: Pilot studies with the swedish versions of the mindful attention awareness scale and the Kentucky inventory of mindfulness skills. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 38(1), 2-15. 

Jermann, F., Billieux, J., Larøi, F. et al. (2009). Mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS): Psychometric properties of the french translation and exploration of its relations with emotion regulation strategies. Psychological Assessment, 21(4), 506-14. 

Van Dam, N. T., Earleywine, M., & Borders, A. (2010). Measuring mindfulness? An item response theory analysis of the mindful attention awareness scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 49, 805. 

Brown, K. W., West, A. M., Loverich, T. M., & Biegel, G. M. (2011). Assessing adolescent mindfulness: Validation of an adapted mindful attention awareness scale in adolescent normative and psychiatric populations. Psychological Assessment, 23(4),1023-33.

Black, D. S., Sussman, S., Johnson, C. A., & Milam, J. (2012). Psychometric assessment of the mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS) among Chinese adolescents. Assessment, 19(1), 42-52. 

Johnson, C. J., Wiebe, J. S., & Morera, O. F. (2014). The spanish version of the mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS): Measurement invariance and psychometric properties. Mindfulness, 5(5), 552-565.

Lawlor, M. S., Schonert-Reichl, K. A., Gadermann, A. M., & Zumbo, B. D. (2014). A validation study of the mindful attention awareness scale adapted for children. Mindfulness, 5(6), 730-741. 

Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ)

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Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., et al. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13(1), 27-45. 

Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Lykins, E., et al. (2008). Construct validity of the five facet mindfulness questionnaire in meditating and nonmeditating samples. Assessment, 15(3), 329-42.

Van Dam, N. T., Earleywine, M., & Danoff-Burg, S. (2009). Differential item function across meditators and non-meditators on the five facet mindfulness questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(5), 516-521.

Baer, R. A., Samuel, D. B., & Lykins, E. L. B. (2011). Differential item functioning on the five facet mindfulness questionnaire is minimal in demographically matched meditators and nonmeditators. Assessment, 18(1), 3-10.

Applied Mindfulness Process Scale (AMPS)

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Li, M. J., Black, D. S., & Garland, E. L. (2015). The applied mindfulness process scale (AMPS): A process measure for evaluating mindfulness-based interventions. Personality and Individual Differences, 93, 6-15.

Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale (CAMS)

Feldman, G., Hayes, A., Kumar, S., et al. (2007). Mindfulness and emotion regulation: The development and initial validation of the cognitive and affective mindfulness scale-revised (CAMS-R). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 29(3), 177-190.

Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI)

Walach, H., Buchheld, N., Buttenmüller, V., et al. (2006). Measuring mindfulness-the freiburg mindfulness inventory (FMI). Personality and Individual Differences, 40(8), 1543-55.

Kohls, N., Sauer, S., & Walach, H. (2009). Facets of mindfulness–results of an online study investigating the freiburg mindfulness inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 46(2), 224-230.

Trousselard, M., Steiler, D., Raphel, C., et al. (2010). Validation of a French version of the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory-short version: Relationships between mindfulness and stress in an adult population. Biopsychosocial Medicine, 4, 8.

Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM)

Greco, L. A., Baer, R. A., & Smith, G. T. (2011). Assessing mindfulness in children and adolescents: Development and validation of the child and adolescent mindfulness measure (CAMM). Psychological Assessment, 23(3), 606-614.

de Bruin, E. I., Zijlstra, B. J., & Bögels, S. M. (2014). The meaning of mindfulness in children and adolescents: Further validation of the child and adolescent mindfulness measure (CAMM) in two independent samples from the netherlands. Mindfulness, 5(4), 422-430.

Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale (PHLMS)

Cardaciotto, L., Herbert, J. D., Forman, E. M., et al. (2008). The assessment of present-moment awareness and acceptance: The Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale. Assessment, 15(2), 204-223.

Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention Adherence and Competence Scale (MBRP-AC)

Chawla, N., Collins, S., Bowen, S., et al. (2010). The mindfulness-based relapse prevention adherence and competence scale: Development, interrater reliability, and validity. Psychotherapy Research, 20(4), 388-397.

State Mindfulness Scale (SMS)

Tanay, G., & Bernstein, A. (2013). State mindfulness scale (SMS): Development and initial validation. Psychological Assessment, 25(4), 1286-1299.